The parasitic mechanism of the holostemparasitic plant Cuscuta

Author(s)
Takeshi Furuhashi, Katsuhisa Furuhashi, Wolfram Weckwerth
Abstract

Cuscuta is a stem holoparasitic plant without leaves or roots, which develops a haustorium and sucks nutrients from host plants. The genus Cuscuta comprises about 200 species, many of which can cause severe problems for certain crops. The parasitic process in Cuscuta begins in finding and attaching to a host plant and then developing a haustorium. The process does not always require any chemical signal, but does require a light signal. Finding a host involves detecting the lower red light:far-red light ratio near a potential host plant by phytochrome. A contact signal is also necessary for haustorium induction. Apparently, cytokinin increase is downstream of the light and contact signal and is critical for haustorium induction. This pathway, however, appears to be slightly different from a standard pathway. The direct connection between Cuscuta and its host involves both the xylem and phloem, and mRNA and proteins can translocate. Several features indicate that Cuscuta is a useful model plant for parasite plant research as well as plant–plant interaction research. These include the simple anatomical structure and seedling development, no chemical requirement for haustorium induction, and the wide range of host plants.

Organisation(s)
External organisation(s)
Maeda-Institute of Plant Resources
Journal
Journal of Plant Interactions
Volume
6
Pages
207-219
No. of pages
13
ISSN
1742-9145
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2010.541945
Publication date
2011
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
106023 Molecular biology, 106031 Plant physiology
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/dbef1f67-12d1-4bf6-b3e7-389481e7c400